About 'standard debt equity ratio'|Hacking Our Way out of Debt
Bank of America was first opened on July 5, 1784 under the name of its earliest predecessor, the Massachusetts Bank (Bank Of America). As the second of the original three banks in the late eighteenth century United States, Bank of America is the country's most extensive bank, with 6100 locations covering over thirty states coast to coast (Hoovers Online). Bank of America specializes in most banking services including checking and savings accounts, credit cards, loans, investment banking and brokerage, asset management, loans, line of credits, retirement accounts, roths, and mortgages. With such excellent customer service, Bank of America has a very large customer base consisting of all different logistics of people. Bank of America might just be a financial institution, but its scope goes beyond that of just financial products. In addition to providing the best financial products, Bank of America also hopes to provide the best of the best in customer service and also make a positive impact on the community. Bank of America is headed by a board of directors consisting of seventeen old men and women and one chairman, who is also the CEO and President, Mister Kenneth D. Lewis. Since Bank of America is such a large nationwide institution, it is run on a participative/democratic leadership. Bank of America has goals to not only provide excellent customer service and financial services, but also to help serve its community. With a well structured leadership organization and tactics such as secret shoppers to ensure quality, Bank of America will be a powerful financial service force for years to come. One of Bank of America's core principles is to provide the best customer service and relations possible to distinguish itself from other banks and financial firms. In order to do this, Bank of America relies heavily on the work and services from their employees. A motivated employee will do better work. Teamwork is essential to tie all the different financial services together. Self rewarding employment provides the best motivation and thus the best service. Although there may sometimes be management and employee issues, Bank of America still maintains amazing employee to management relationships, ensuring excellent employees and excellent customer service and satisfaction. The checking account is a staple of Bank of America products. It is distributed intensely to people of all logistics with different types of checking accounts. Though not widely advertised, word of mouth and personal selling is enough to make Bank of America checking accounts a success in its mature stage, and decline is not in the near future. Bank and ATM locations are in places where there is a lot of business and the short hours are fixed by the use of ATM machines. Overall, Bank of America has a successful checking account product that will be here to stay for a long time. Though Bank of America stock is dropping, it is following a trend in the financial firm industry and actually pulling ahead of its competitors Citigroup and Wachovia. Bank of America is also still reeling in a good amount of income despite its falling stock price so Bank of America will be a strong force for many years to come. Bank of America Part One Bank of America was first opened on July 5, 1784 under the name of its earliest predecessor, the Massachusetts Bank (Bank Of America). As the second of the original three banks in the late eighteenth century United States, Bank of America is the country's most extensive bank, with 6100 locations covering over thirty states coast to coast (Hoovers Online). Bank of America specializes in most banking services including checking and savings accounts, credit cards, loans, investment banking and brokerage, asset management, loans, line of credits, retirement accounts, roths, and mortgages. (Hoovers Online & Huang). As the second largest and oldest bank in the United States, Bank of America is a powerful force in the banking industry that not many other banks can compete with. Being the second oldest and largest bank in the banking industry has Bank of America holding itself to really high standards. Part of its core concepts are providing excellent customer service along with offering the best retail banking products (Huang). The high standards that Bank of America sets for itself requires excellent customer since that is how they can set themselves apart from other major banking companies. In order to provide better customer service, Bank of America needs to be innovative in how they can use technology to provide more convenient hours for its customers. This innovation has lead Bank Of America to be one of the first banks to install automated teller machines all over the United States, and now has over 16,000 ATMs worldwide (Bank Of America). In 1983, Bank of America became the first bank to offer free PC banking through the internet, and now has the largest online banking customer base in America (Bank Of America). Bank of America will continue to be a leader in innovative technology to continue being a leader in the banking industry by providing more convenience for its customer base. With such excellent customer service, Bank of America has a very large customer base consisting of all people. There are no ethnic or demographic barriers surrounding Bank Of America. Bank of America accommodates people of all ethnicities and races (Huang). Bank of America also accommodates people of all demographics, ranging from people in poverty to millionaires and big businesses (Huang). Although Bank Of America does not appeal completely to pre teenager people, there are still many children with bank accounts opened under their names by their parents. Part of Bank of America's success can be attributed to their huge customer base. Though Bank of America has many competitors in its field, only three can stand out, Wachovia, Citigroup, and Wells Fargo (Hoovers), and of those three, the only real competitor would be Citigroup (Huang). Although Bank of America is the second largest bank by assets, it is the only bank that can compete with credit unions in interest rates (Huang). Bank of America's two smaller competitors Wachovia, lead by CEO G. Kennedy Thompson and Wells Fargo, lead by President, CEO, and Director John G. Stumpf are also powerful banks in the United States (Hoovers). Wachovia is the fourth largest bank in the United States and controls over 3700 offices across the United states holding onto more than $1.2 trillion in assets (Hoovers). Wells Fargo is one of the top banks in the United States with over 3400 offices across the United States and also one of the most dominant mortgage companies in the United States. Bank of America's top competitor Citigroup, headed by CEO and Director Vikram S. Pandit is one of the largest financial services in the world and also the top bank in the United States. Citigroup has over 3000 branches in the United States and was the first bank to hit one trillion dollars in assets, along with that, it also has over 2000 branches in over 100 countries all over the world (Hoovers). Bank of America is still able to stay a powerful financial service firm amidst all of these powerful competitions. As the second earliest bank in the United States and also the second largest bank in the United States, Bank of America is able to provide excellent service and products to its consumers. With completely open demographics of customers, Bank of America competes with all of the other big banks in the United States and even some major credit unions. Though there are many banks in the United States, only Citigroup can compete with Bank of America and its excellent service, products, and innovations in the financial service industry. Bank of America Part Two Bank of America might just be a financial institution, but its scope goes beyond that of just financial products. In addition to providing the best financial products, Bank of America also hopes to provide the best of the best in customer service and also make a positive impact on the community (Huang). Bank of America provides many competitive jobs and opportunities for its communities, "Bank of America helps build strong communities by creating opportunities for people - including customers, shareholders and associates - to fulfill their dreams" (Lewis, www.bankofamerica.com). In addition to creating opportunities for the community indirectly, Bank of America also gives out many grants to the community and sponsor many professional and college sports teams because they feel that business have a commitment to help build and maintain the strong communities that it serves (www.bankofamerica.com). Since Bank of America is such a large nationwide institution, it is run on a participative/democratic leadership (Huang). Bank of America is too spread out to have an autocratic leadership style; it would take too long to get any information down to the lower managers and supervisors. Bank of America also cannot depend too heavily on the lower level management and employees because of the heavy dealings with money and the way the bank is spread out; there may be too much disorganization. Because of the widespread nature of an industry such as Bank of America, a participative/democratic leadership is most efficient. Bank of America is headed by a board of directors consisting of seventeen old men and women and one chairman, who is also the CEO and President, Mister Kenneth D. Lewis (www.hoovers.com). Head by this board of directors, Bank of America then branches out into a vast matrix organization with executives for not only the many different departments, but also for different areas that Bank of America is influential (www.hoovers.com). With so many different executives heading their own departments, Bank of America is quite departmentalized. According to the various titles of the executives at Bank of America, most of the departmentalization of Bank of America is based on function, but there is also departmentalization by geographic location and even by product. These different executives and departments of Bank of America give the bank a very decentralized organization of leadership; most of the decision making is done by the heads of each individual offices across the nation (Huang). Such decentralized organization gives Bank of America a very flat organizational structure, after the CEO and a few other executives, the information goes to the various departmentalized executives, then through to the individual offices and their respective managers. With such a vast amount of different financial services and offices that cover the United States and even reach out over the world, there is no other way to adapt with situations and customer demands than to have a very loose, empowered and specialized organizational structure. In order to compete in a vicious financial industry and stay on top, Bank of America needs to excel in what it does best: offering the best customer service and excellent financial services. In order to ensure that customer service stays top notch, Bank of America implements a secret shopper technique where professionals hired by the company act as consumers to make sure customer service in any given Bank of America firm is up to par (Huang). To provide excellent financial service, Bank of America has some of the most competitive rates and is thus one of the only banks to be able to compete with credit unions. Bank of America is also innovative in the way that it handles banking, using new technology to further their financial services and customer service, such as online banking and automated teller machines (www.hoovers.com). Bank of America has goals to not only provide excellent customer service and financial services, but also to help serve its community. Since it is such a broad industry with many different financial functions spread all over the world, it is best run in a participative democracy, with its chain of command in a matrix style, departmentalized and empowered. With a well structured leadership organization and tactics such as secret shoppers to ensure quality, Bank of America will be a powerful financial service force for years to come. Bank of America Part Three One of Bank of America's core principles is to provide the best customer service and relations possible to distinguish itself from other banks and financial firms. In order to do this, Bank of America relies heavily on the work and services from their employees. A motivated employee will do better work. Teamwork is essential to tie all the different financial services together. Self rewarding employment provides the best motivation and thus the best service. Although there may sometimes be management and employee issues, Bank of America still maintains amazing employee to management relationships, ensuring excellent employees and excellent customer service and satisfaction. Bank of America ensures that its employees receive one of the most competitive compensations and benefits packages in the industry. Some of the many benefits are listed on jobbankusa.com, "A strong base pay, incentive programs and bonuses are provided as are insurance plans, retirement plans, bank product & service discounts and reimbursement accounts. There are also additional benefits for special leaves, disability and a home ownership program" (jobbankusa.com). In addition to these benefits of working at Bank of America, there is also a tuition reimbursement for employees that wish to pursue a higher education up to two thousand dollars a year, (Huang). Employees also enjoy benefits of reduced rates when opening up accounts with Bank of America. In addition to all these financial benefits, Bank of America also includes many benefits such as a flexible schedule and locations of work and even help with life outside of work such as babysitting and counseling. (bankofamerica.com) Other than the intrinsic motivation of being able to work for one of the biggest and most successful financial firms, Bank of America offers many extrinsic motivations. Bank of America offers several performance based compensations, one in particular is a point system that employees can earn through referrals that they can then use to claim gifts on an online site such as high end apparel, barbeque sets, or even food (Huang). In addition to this point earning system, Bank of America also extrinsically rewards its employees for their hard work and customer service with pay raises and bonuses. To build a strong financial firm, teamwork plays a great role in making Bank of America one of the top financial firms in the world. In addition to teamwork in the offices to create a smooth flowing environment to different financial services for their customers, Bank of America also requires much teamwork to help its community. Bank of America helps communities around the world through philanthropies and teamwork that can provide networking and leadership opportunities between its associates and retired associates. Though most of Bank of America's employee - management relationships seem extremely stable, there was a fairly recent error on laid off workers. In April of 2005, Bank of America laid off about 70 employees. Part of Bank of America's benefits includes severance pay for laid off workers for a few weeks after they get laid off while searching for jobs. Unfortunately, Bank of America accidentally overpaid some of the employee's severances and thus had to write out letters asking for some money back, money that could equal as much as nine thousand dollars. To top it off, these letters were sent out two to three weeks before Christmas. These factors lead to quite an issue about how Bank of America should go about this mistake, and whether or not the employees should give back the extra mistake severance pay. Working at Bank of America has many benefits, some so great that they might haunt you after you stop working for the bank, such as the severance pay. Despite the severance pay mistake however, Bank of America still has great compensations and benefits for its employees, demanding excellent customer service and teamwork. There are also many extrinsic rewards for hard work at Bank of America, however, there is not much intrinsic rewards, and I would recommend Bank of America work on intrinsically motivating its employees. Bank of America Part 4 When people think of a bank, many financial services may come up in their mind, but most notable is the checking account. Bank of America offers various different types of checking accounts for different types of people and even businesses. The checking account is promoted in many different ways and is for the most part free. With such a broad service such as a checking account, Bank of America will likely have this service for many years to come and distributes to everyone of any and every logistic. Though there are different types of checking accounts, they all do the basic checking account functions such as "paying bills, depositing money and paychecks, provide the ability to not need to carry cash around, manage finances and provide checks" (Huang). Having such a broad logistic however, requires Bank of America to have different types of checking accounts for consumers and industries. Consumer checking accounts include accounts such as the MyAccess Checking, which is free with no minimum balance requirement, Campus Edge Checking, which is free for students, Prima Checking, which is free if all monthly requirements are met plus additional services with no monthly charge, and the standard account which is free if all monthly requirements are met. (www.bankofamerica.com). There are also checking accounts for industries such as Business Checking, which is designed for small business start ups, Business Advantage checking, which has minimum start up fees, a 2.75% APY, and up to three additional accounts at no additional service charge among some other details, Business Interest Checking, made for sole proprietors and non-profit organizations, and the Business analyzed Checking, which includes a detailed analysis statement (www.bankofamerica.com). Since checking accounts have been around for a very long time, I assume that checking accounts are in the maturity stage, where people stick to one brand and sales are leveled off. However, being such an important part of life, I doubt that checking accounts will go into the decline stage any time soon (McHugh). Brand is also useful in a customer loyalty way. Once a person has picked out the bank that they want to use, it often does not change. Bank of America is a retail distributor with firms all over the United States and even scattered throughout the world. Regular business hours of Bank of America are Monday through Friday from nine AM until six thirty PM and Saturday from nine AM until two PM. These hours are not very convenient for most people, but there are ATM machines to cover the needs of people. Bank locations are not widely spread and there is usually a Bank within close driving distance, and if not there may be an ATM machine close to places that have other businesses. Checking accounts are also well informed on the bank of America website. Bank of America also works on an intensive distribution system, distributing its various checking accounts to anyone and everyone that wants one. Bank of America mainly promotes using its name. Since it is very popular, it does not really need to advertise much, though it still does advertise on the radio and television occasionally. Bank of America prefers to use personal selling, the "face to face presentation of goods and services" (McHugh). In addition to the main source of personal selling at the Bank of America firms, Bank of America also sends employees out to college campuses to administer more personal selling away from its firms. Since Bank of America does not do much advertising, it can expand by using more advertisement, and more word of mouth to further expand its product. The checking account is a staple of Bank of America products. It is distributed intensely to people of all logistics with different types of checking accounts. Though not widely advertised, word of mouth and personal selling is enough to make Bank of America checking accounts a success in its mature stage, and decline is not in the near future. Bank and ATM locations are in places where there is a lot of business and the short hours are fixed by the use of ATM machines. Overall, Bank of America has a successful checking account product that will be here to stay for a long time. Bank of America Part Five According to Financial Statements and the stock chart above, Bank of America is going into a slow decline. As of today, June 4, 2008, Bank of America stock (BAC) is at its lowest point in over a year. Total net revenue and income have also dropped substantially in the past year. There have also been multiple material adjustments to its stock. Bank of America has also changed people in its board of directors or other important members twice in the past year. Despite a drop in stock prices and net revenue and income however, Bank of America still has a positive revenue and adds to its assets every year, and therefore is still a financially health company. Bank of America holds $58,977,000 of tangible assets as of December of 2007, down from $60,188,000 in December of 2006. Compared to Bank of America's top competitor, Citigroup which is standing at $49,707,000 of tangible assets as of December 2007, and $70,467,000 in December 2006, however as of March 2008, Citigroup is back up to $60,652,000, pulling ahead of Bank of America. Bank of America's other competitor, Wachovia, is having steady growth, but also far behind both Citigroup and Bank of America, standing at $32,886,000 of tangible assets, up from $31,631,000 in 2006 (finance.yahoo.com). While Bank of America and Citigroup may be fairly close in their amount of tangible assets, Citigroup is working with about five hundred million more dollars than Bank of America, $2,199,848,000 to Bank of America's 1,715,746,000 (reuters.com). This extra financial power in a financial institution secures Citigroup as the most powerful financial and Bank of America as the second most powerful financial institution in the United States. Bank of America is the best in its industry to invest in, holding an return on equity of 7.83 to the industry's 3.89, Wachovia holds a second with a return on equity of 2.87, and Citigroup has a negative return on equity, standing at -5.75. However, Bank of America's return on interest is down from its five year average of 16.12. These return on equity ratios were calculated on Reuters.com. Bank of America's debt to equity ratio is well below the industry average, standing at 392.42 to the industry's 478.47. This is much better than its top competitor, Citigroup, which has a whopping 588.38 debt to equity ratio. Wachovia's debt to equity ratio is far below both Bank of America and Citigroup, with a ratio of 299.40. These debt to equity ratios were calculated on reuters.com. Compared to its competitors, Bank of America is doing pretty well but still in second place behind Citigroup. While Bank of America may be declining in assets, it seems very likely that it will start growing again According to the stock chart, Bank of America is at its lowest point in over a year. Overall I would estimate that the stock of Bank of America follows the trend of the economy which is currently going into a slight recession as shown by the S&P500 chart (yellow). Bank of America stock however, is doing much better than its competitors Citigroup and Wachovia. All three financial firms started at a similar point with the S&P 500, but are all dropping in price. A noticeable trend is also that the graphs seem to rise and fall at similar points of time. A noticeable drop in stock prices for the financial firm industry occurs in October of 2007, where all the financial firms started to dip in prices, a possible cause maybe from oil prices hitting $85 (finance.yahoo.com). Although Bank of America had a management shift late October, it did not help bring stock prices back up. Another management turnover in early January 2008 however, helped bring Bank of America stocks back up. Either way, Bank of America is pulling far ahead of its top competitors Citigroup and Wachovia in the stock market during the recession. Works Cited America, Bank O. "The Heritage of Bank of America." Bank of America. Bank of America. 19 Apr. 2008 . "Bank of America Checking and Savings." Bank of America. Bank of America. 29 May 2008 . "Bank of America: Employment, Jobs, Career & Work." Job Bank USA. 14 May 2008 . Caione, Ryan. "Bank of America Corporation." Hoovers Online. 20 Apr. 2008 . "Careers." Bank of America. Bank of America. 15 May 2008 . Huang, Roy (Bank of America Teller). Telephone interview. 19 Apr. 2008. Huang, Roy (Bank of America Teller). Telephone interview. 29 Apr. 2008. Huang, Roy. (Bank of America Teller). Telephone interview. 14 May 2008. Huang, Roy. (Bank of America Teller). Telephone interview. 25 May 2008. Nickels, William G., James M. McHugh, and Susan M. McHugh. Understanding Business. 8th ed. Avenue of the Americas: McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2008. "Reuters." Reuters. Reuters. 6 June 2008 . "Yahoo! Finance." Yahoo! Yahoo! 6 June 2008 . |
Image of standard debt equity ratio
standard debt equity ratio Image 1
standard debt equity ratio Image 2
standard debt equity ratio Image 3
standard debt equity ratio Image 4
standard debt equity ratio Image 5
Related blog with standard debt equity ratio
- stockmarketcookbook.blogspot.com/...debt companies? Hardly. The ratio of debt to equity for Avis is 84.11 which is high even by industry standards (6.18 on average). Even more incredible...
- aswathdamodaran.blogspot.com/... only bank debt (since it is...and has no standard deviation). There ... in equity (where you get residual... high) and the ratio of their standard ...
- financialrounds.blogspot.com/... of debt. Private-equity investors... on their debt. Corporations...fourth quarter have a ratio of debt to cash flow... to Standard & Poor's Leveraged...
- coppolacomment.blogspot.com/...increase their Tier1 capital ratio (unweighted) to 15%. Anat Admati...a materially lower standard of living in retirement...finance themselves much more with equity than debt, losses will still...
- ivythesis.typepad.com/...the time of issuance. In the standards of GAAP, the convertible debts are all ...line with this, the debt-to-equity ratio followed the default...
- 1raindrop.typepad.com/1_raindrop/... the Ring of Fire , specifically where "countries with the potential for public debt to exceed 90% of GDP within a few years’ time, which would slow GDP by 1% or...
- notesonthefront.typepad.com/politicaleconomy/... and the economy from a debt crisis that originated... living standards. Inreasing economic productivity and social equity are two sides...
- theautomaticearth.blogspot.com/...Over 3,000,000 families have negative equity and there are over a thousand ...into buying too much house with too much debt. But don’t just take my word for it. The pattern...
- globaleconomicanalysis.blogspot.com/...The video also incorrectly blames the gold standard for problems created by fractional...the problems with the current system of debt creation in a very entertaining and...
- theautomaticearth.blogspot.com/..., but it will affect debt-to-equity ratios [at banks] and so significantly...on rule changes; the US standard-setter, the Financial Accounting...
Related Video with standard debt equity ratio
standard debt equity ratio Video 1
standard debt equity ratio Video 2
standard debt equity ratio Video 3
0 개의 댓글:
댓글 쓰기